Anthony and Cleoptra

The Macmillan Company Edition
1913 by George Wyllys Benedict


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Octavius Caesar (later renamed to Augustus Caesar, son of the murdered Julius Caesar), Mark Antony, and Lepidus form the Roman triumvirate that rules the Western world. Lepidus leaves the triumvirate, and Caesar and Antony are left to rule the world.

Antony, though married to Fluvia, lives in Alexandria, Egypt with his mistress Cleopatra, the Queen of Egypt. Fueled by a disgust at his lifestyle in Egypt and anger over the wars caused by Antony’s relatives, Caesar calls Antony home to Rome. Antony agrees, but only after Fluvia dies of an illness. Once in Rome, Caesar and Antony try to make amends through the marriage of Antony to Caesar’s sister Octavia.

Antony soon deserts Octavia, however, and returns to live with Cleopatra. Caesar, enraged, vows to attack and regain control of Egypt from Antony and Cleopatra. Caesar’s army is more powerful and more skillful, and soon approaches defeat of Antony. Enobarbus, Antony’s best friend, deserts him and joins Caesar’s army. However, Enobarbus becomes overcome with regret and remorse for leaving Antony, and kills himself near Caesar’s headquarters.

Antony, facing defeat, asks Eros (another friend) to kill him. Eros cannot, and instead kills himself. Antony then kills himself by falling on his sword. Cleopatra, in grief over Antony’s death and determined never to fall under Caesar’s command commits suicide by allowing poisonous asps to bite her. Cleopatra’s main attendant (Charmian) dies in the same manner, while her second attendant (Iras) dies from stress and grief over Cleopatra’s death.


The Battle of Actium was a naval battle fought between a maritime fleet of Octavian led by Marcus Agrippa and the combined fleets of both Mark Antony and Cleopatra VII Philopator. The battle took place on 2 September 31 BC in the Ionian Sea, near the former Roman colony of Actium, Greece, and was the climax of over a decade of rivalry between Octavian and Antony.